Obesity in Childhood

Table of Contents Introduction Aetiology of obesity Consequences of obesity Conclusion Works Cited Introduction Childhood obesity is considered as one of the top ten global health issues, due to the fact that childhood obesity prevalence is on a dramatic increase. Basically, the short-term problems of childhood obesity include respiratory morbidities and elevated cardiovascular risk factors.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Obesity in Childhood specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More According to the World Health Organization, obesity is defined as â€Å"abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health† (WHO, Para. 1). Hills, King and Byrne are on the view that the World Health Organization define overweight adults as having a body mass index (BMI) of 25kg/m2 or more and obese adults as having a body mass index of 30kg/m2 or more (Hills, King, and Byrne 11). Although there is less research on long-term health consequences of childhood obesity, evidence has shown that abnormalities attained at childhood level result in cardiovascular consequences at the on-set of adult obesity. In summation of the researches conducted, it has been found that over weight adolescents and children have a likelihood of attaining several heart disease risk factors and adult morbidities e.g. cardiovascular diseases (Hills, King, and Byrne 20). Nevertheless, obese children often suffer from diseases and develop depression. Aetiology of obesity Factors like diet, physical activity, and metabolic status are some of the major environmental factors that contribute to obesity, which are said to be a genetic trait influence (Hills, King, and Byrne 2). Diet: High fat and refined foods have been identified as major contributors to the obesity condition. In North America and Europe, it has been noted that fat and simple sugars account for more than half consumption and energy intake of refined grain that has replaced whole grains (Hills, King, and Byrne 2). Physical activity: physical activity among the youth has notably decline in recent decades. In addition, it is suggested that corresponding prevalence increase in obesity is the direct result of decline in physical activity (Hills, King, and Byrne 2). Consequences of obesity Depression: Evidence has shown that obesity is linked to mood disorders, low-self esteem, and depression in children. However, this relation is neither simple nor consistent due to variations noted in age, family context, gender, and duration of obesity (Davies, Fitzgerald, and Mousouli 73).Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It is believed that obese children undergo social stigmatization caused by their body weight, leading to the children being dissatisfied with the image of their body hence causing depression and low self-esteem (Davies, Fitzgerald , and Mousouli 74). According to Martin, Volkmar, and Lewis (608), depressive symptoms have been noted in later childhood obesity. In spite of results and design of these studies differing, the linkage findings on depression to subsequent weight increase are consistent. Moreover, causality has been implied by the fact that the length of time o0f depression between the adulthood and childhood is a predictor of body mass index. It has also been found that the high rates of obesity can be reduced by treatment of depression in children successfully (Martin, Volkmar, and Lewis 608). Development of diseases: Obesity documentation shows that some of the diseases that one is likely to attain because of obesity are hypertension, dyslipidaemia, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. In addition, short-term consequences related to childhood obesity include respiratory morbidities and cardiovascular risk factors. These cardiovascular risk factors that characterize obesity at adulthood are due to abnormal ities at childhood. Moreover, studies have also indicated that obese children have a high risk of getting various coronary heart disease risk factors and different comorbidities (Hills, King, and Byrne 20). Conclusion Obesity is a health problem that has been categorized as a top 10-health issue by the world health organization. The obesity condition has been noted to be rapidly increasing globally at high rates, with eating habits, metabolic status, and physical activity being some of the causes that contribute to obesity. Moreover, an obese child can be assisted by successfully tackling issues like depression that an obese child has. Works Cited Davie Dale and Fitzgerald Hiram, Mousouli Vasiliki. Obesityin childhood and adolescent: Understanding development and prevention. British library. 2008. Web. Hills Andrew, King Neil and Byrne M. Nuala. Children, obesity and exercise: prevention treatment and management of childhood adolescent obesity. NY, Routledge. 2007. Web. Martin, Andr es, Volkmar, Fred and Lewis Melvin. Lewis’s child and adolescent psychiatry: a comprehensive textbook. PA, pine tree composition. 2007. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Obesity in Childhood specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More WHO. â€Å"Obesity.† Obesity. 2010. Web. This essay on Obesity in Childhood was written and submitted by user Ivy Juarez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The eNotes Blog Top Ten Love Poems for YourValentine

Top Ten Love Poems for YourValentine Its almost that time again. Valentines Day is coming up and youd like to do something a little more romantic for your beloved than the typical Hallmark greeting card.   Fortunately, we here  at are prepared to  be your very own Cyrano. Here are some of the best love poems ever penned. 1.  She Walks In Beauty by Lord Byron She walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies; And all that’s best of dark and bright Meet in her aspect and her eyes: Thus mellowed to that tender light Which heaven to gaudy day denies. 2.  XVII by Pablo Neruda I do not love you as if you were salt-rose, or topaz, or the arrow of carnations the fire shoots off. I love you as certain dark things are to be loved, in secret, between the shadow and the soul. I love you as the plant that never blooms but carries in itself the light of hidden flowers; thanks to your love a certain solid fragrance, risen from the earth, lives darkly in my body. I love you without knowing how, or when, or from where. I love you straightforwardly, without complexities or pride; so I love you because I know no other way than this: where I does not exist, nor you, so close that your hand on my chest is my hand, so close that your eyes close as I fall asleep. 3.  i carry your heart with me by e.e. cummings i  carry your heart with me(i carry it in my heart)i am never without it(anywhere i go you go,my dear; and whatever is done by only me is your doing,my darling) i fear no fate(for you are my fate,my sweet)i want no world(for beautiful you are my world,my true) and its you are whatever a moon has always meant and whatever a sun will always sing is you here is the deepest secret nobody knows (here is the root of the root and the bud of the bud and the sky of the sky of a tree called life;which grows higher than the soul can hope or mind can hide) and this is the wonder thats keeping the stars apart i  carry your heart(i carry it in my heart). 4.  From The Thief of Sleep by Rumi Suddenly the drunken sweetheart appeared out of my door. She drank a cup of ruby wine and sat by my side. Seeing and holding the lockets of her hair My face became all eyes, and my eyes all hands. 5.  Gloire de Dijon by D.H. Lawrence When  she rises in the morning I linger to watch her;She spreads the bath-cloth underneath the windowAnd the sunbeams catch herGlistening white on the shoulders,While down her sides the mellowGolden shadow glows asShe stoops to the sponge, and her swung breastsSway like full-blownGloire de Dijon roses.She drips herself with water, and her shouldersGlisten as silver; they crumble upLike wet and falling roses, and I listenFor the sluicing of their rain-dishevelled petals.In the window full of sunlightConcentrates her golden shadowFold on fold, until it glows asMellow as the glory roses. 6.  From That Silent Evening by Galway Kinnell I will go back to that silent evening when we lay together and talked in low, silent voices, while outside slow lumps of soft snow fell, hushing as they got near the ground, with a fire in the room, in which centuries of tree went up in continuous ghost-giving-up, without a crackle, into morning light. 7.  Wild Nights by Emily Dickinson Wild nights! Wild nights! Were I with thee, Wild nights should be Our luxury! Futile the winds To a heart in port, Done with the compass, Done with the chart. Rowing in Eden! Ah! the sea! Might I  but moor To-night in thee! 8.  Sudden Light by Dante Gabriel Rossetti I  have been here before, But when or how I cannot tell: I know the grass beyond the door, The sweet keen smell, The sighing sound, the lights around the shore. You have been mine before,- How long ago I may not know: But just when at that swallows soar Your neck turned so, Some veil did fall,- I knew it all of yore. Has this been thus before? And shall not thus times eddying flight Still with our lives our love restore In deaths despite, And day and night yield one delight once more? 9.  An Argument by Thomas More Ive oft been told by learned friars, That wishing and the crime are one, And Heaven punishes desires As much as if the deed were done. If wishing damns us, you and I Are damned to all our hearts content; Come, then, at least we may enjoy Some pleasure for our punishment! 10.  The Song of Solomon 7:10-13 I am my lovers, and he desires me. Come, my darling, let us go out into the fields and spend the night in villages. Let us wake early and go to the vineyards and see if the vine is in blossom. There I will give you my love. The mandrakes will spray aroma and over our door will be precious fruit, new and old, which I have saved for you, my darling.

Famous Stones and Their Legends and History

Famous Stones and Their Legends and History Certain stones started out as dumb common boulders, like all the rest. But one day they got a lucky break, and now theyre genuine rock stars. Heres a few of them. Family pride leads me to start with Plymouth Rock, that sturdy icon of American strength and faith. Its a chunk of Dedham Granodiorite that, the legend goes, was sitting where John Alden of the Plymouth Colony first stepped on American soil in 1620. That great man is my ancestor 13 generations back, but I didnt learn this legend in my fathers lap; instead I read about it on some Web site. And the legend isnt actually true either. In fact Plymouth Rock is a fraction of its old self, having suffered many indignities during its up-and-down history. I prefer the idealized image of the rock in its better days, as shown on a souvenir plate from the John Alden Shop in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Surely no humbler-looking object has ever been depicted by the porcelain artists at Jonroth Co., England, unless they made a plate to commemorate mashed potatoes (which would be a good idea). Somewhat more exalted, if only in being higher off the ground, is the Blarney Stone, set in the battlement of Blarney Castle in Cork, Ireland. Kissing the stone gives you the gift of persuasive speech. Legend has it that this boulder is half of the Stone of Scone, awarded to the great Cormac McCarthy for supporting Robert the Bruce in the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. A geologist recorded his judgment that the Blarney Stone is the same stuff as the rest of the castle, which is made of local limestone (a lower Carboniferous biomicrite, to be more precise). I swear its true, but the last time I checked the Web page documenting that, it had mysteriously vanished- something that almost never happens! Was the geologist himself talking blarney? Im not sure, because another legend has it that the true Blarney Stone was taken away, which means the geologist was looking at a sham stone. The Stone of Scone itself is the rock upon which the kings of Scotland were crowned, and the Scots know it as the Stone of Destiny. The English took it in 1296 when they conquered Scotland and had the stone built into the royal coronation chair to keep the tradition alive. (The stone was returned in 1996, but can be taken back whenever its time to crown a new monarch.) You see already that if the English took it in 1296, then Robert the Bruce could not have split it with Cormac McCarthy in 1314. The Stone of Destiny is a block of yellowish sandstone of uncertain origin. Legend traces it to ancient times as the very stone upon which Jacob laid his head in Genesis chapter 28, and thus it is a solid symbol of the Promised Land. But a legend says the stone the English took in 1296 was a fake! That would solve the discrepancy with the Blarney Stone- if we assume that one is also a fake. Perhaps the most exalted rock in every sense is the Black Stone of the Kaaba, a dark boulder set in silver on the wall of Islams central shrine, the Kaaba, in Mecca. It marks the starting point of the walk around the Kaaba at the heart of the holy pilgrimage called the hajj. Islamic experts make it clear that the Black Stone is not holy in itself. For instance, the Black Stone was once taken away for many years, and the hajj was not affected. (Perhaps the royals of the British Isles could learn from this.) The Black Stone has its own story, a good one. It is said that when the patriarchs Abraham and Ishmael were building the Kaaba, the stone was delivered to them by the archangel Michael. That story is consistent with the Black Stone being a meteorite, and indeed meteorites have been prized and revered by many different peoples around the world. But I wouldnt ask any Muslim, even a geologist, to waste one second of their hajj examining the stone to satisfy my curiosity. Scientists too have given names to stones- even geologists, who you think might know better. For example there are the rocks on Mars, sitting around the landers. But my favorite example is the roster of 162 sliding rocks of Racetrack Playa, in the California desert. Each one is being mapped with GPS technology by geologist Paula Messina of San Jose State University, and each of them bears a womans name. In fact each stone has its- I mean, her own Web site, and if thats not fame I dont know what is. Every year the stones are found sitting on the vast dry lakebed, but not in the same position. Behind each one is a shallow track in the cracked playa mud, proof that some rare combination of wind, water and physics animates them when no one is there to see. Thats no legend . . . merely a mystery. (But just in case youre keeping up, heres the latest and most plausible explanation.) PS: The Japanese created an art form out of stones: suiseki. The idea is to find natural stones that reproduce things like mountains, but on a desktop scale. Suiseki stones arent famous but they are beautiful, and sometimes quite valuable. See some examples of this Earth art.

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 304

Assignment Example According to (Frank, 4) the west tries to depict they are much superior to the Middle East in culture since they view †Holy war† as act of terrorism which is associated with Islamic religion. The USA use Google earth to monitor the borders of Canada and Mexico. The border between USA and Mexico differs from that of Canada and USA in the context that. The border of Mexico is vast and sparsely populated while that of Canada and USA is less as compared to that of Mexico and population density is not sparse. Similarity is that both borders are being guarded by security agents. This difference and similarity in the borders is as result productivity of the land and between borders of illegal immigrants respectively After a year marked by riots over cartoon portrayals of Muhammad, a major terrorist attack in London, and continuing wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, most Muslims and Westerners are convinced that relations between them are generally bad these days. Many in the West see Muslims as fanatical, violent, and as lacking tolerance. Meanwhile, Muslims in the Middle East and Asia generally see Westerners as selfish, immoral and greedy – as well as violent and fanatical. A rare point of agreement between Westerners and Muslims is that both believe that Muslim nations should be more economically prosperous than they are today. But they gauge the problem quite differently. Muslim publics have an aggrieved view of the West – they are much more likely than Americans or Western Europeans to blame Western policies for their own lack of prosperity. Nothing highlights the divide between Muslims and the West more clearly than their responses to the uproar this past winter over cartoon depictions of Muhammad. Most people in Jordan, Egypt, Indonesia and Turkey blame the controversy on Western nations’ disrespect for the Islamic religion. In contrast, majorities of Americans and Western Europeans who have heard of

Introduction to Woman's and gender studies Essay

Introduction to Woman's and gender studies - Essay Example Though it expounds broadly on the contributions of women towards the awarding of the right to vote to women, the documentary â€Å"One Woman, One Vote† does not expound on how men assisted women in juggling their right to vote demand. However, the narrative â€Å"the women’s suffrage movement† in Angela Davis’ book, â€Å"Women, Race and Class† provides detailed information on the contribution of men towards the success of women groups (Davis, 2011). Unity was one of the fundamental elements that lacked in the suffrage movement. Throughout the movement ensured that different groups of suffragettes worked against each other. For instance, one group of women fought for federal amendment whereas another one thought of working state by state. The variation in workability was as a result of the existence of variation in the group members. For instance, some groups consisted mainly of middle and upper class women whereas others constituted of only working class women. Unfortunately, this segregation in groupings only benefited the whites who did not want the black men to be liberated from slavery. According to the majority of the women, white women were supposed to vote because of their race. However, the formed groups also advantaged those who were not only educated, but also with monetary funds. Fortunately, all groups worked towards attaining the same goal; ensuring the movement succeeded despite their differences. The different demands of the women contributed significantly towards the success of the movement. For example the desire of the black women to get rid of the oppression they were going through made them participate effectively in their group towards ensuring that they had a chance of participating in voting. Additionally, black women wanted to take part in the voting exercise so that they can protect their bodies as well as lives from the

Some Sportsmen Are More Interested of Making Money Than Playing the Game Essay Example for Free

Some Sportsmen Are More Interested of Making Money Than Playing the Game Essay Spectator sports is very popular everywhere in the world. In Malaysia, the most popular one is football or soccer. Tennis and basketball are sports that have worldwide appeal. Fans are willing to pay a lot of money to see high quality sports. Thus, there has developed in the most popular sports a group of athletes known as professional sportsmen. They are paid for playing in a team. Their payments are not paltry sums. Professional sports is a very big business, and these sportsmen can demand very high salaries depending on how good and how popular they are. The best professional sportsmen in the United States are reported to be paid salaries that run into millions of dollars. There has been criticism that professional sportsmen are more interested in making money than playing the game. I do not agree with this criticism because of the very nature of their job, which is playing in a sporting team. To become a professional, you have to be the best talent available. Sports is a game where you cannot fake your ability. You must have natural talent and normally people who are highly talented in their field love what they are doing. A sportsman has to have passion and drive for his sports, or else his lack of enthusiasm will show in his performance. Besides, professional sports is a public game. When the sportsman does not perform well, his failure is seen by thousands, even millions of stadium and television viewers as in the case of football and badminton in Malaysia. Everyone from the man in the street to the newspaper sports writer will discuss his poor performance. Thus, every time a professional sportsman does not show interest in playing the game, his career is jeopardized. We must also remember that professional sportsmen have a short career as it is based on his physical strength and agility. A sportsman hits his prime in his 20s and by the time he is about 35 years old, his career is over. While in their prime, many of them try to make as much money as they can. Some make additional money by appearing in advertisements or promoting merchandise bearing their names. I do not think there is anything wrong with this. After all, their popularity and ability to make money this way depend on their reputation as a sportsman Due to the demand for their talent, professional sportsmen are highly paid. But the money they make is tightly linked to their ability to play the game. They cannot afford to be more interested in making money than in playing the game. If they slip in their performance as professional sportsmen, their career will soon be over.

Behavioral Outcomes in Abused Children Essay -- Effects of Child Abuse

The research at present was done to discover what types of behaviors are presented by abused children. Research has shown that there are not specific behaviors that an abused child will exhibit. However, there are certain behaviors that can be watched for by parents, caregivers, and other adults. These behaviors may be shown in the form of a problem child or the opposite in a quiet isolated child. The Effects of Child Abuse on Behavior Many people assume that there are specific behaviors associated with a child who is or has been abused. However, research shows that there are many different behaviors such children may exhibit. These behaviors are usually from one end of the spectrum or the other. However, no matter the type of behavior displayed by the child the abuse is very destructive to the child in many ways; psychologically and biologically. Their future will hold many problems in learning, emotions, and behavior (Brassard et al., 2009). It is important to remember that just because a child shows the same behaviors as an abused child does not mean that the child has been abused. Research being done on these behaviors only gives explanation of the behaviors but they are not certain to occur. Much research being completed is to help teachers, doctors, and others that work with children on a daily basis something to look for when child abuse is suspected. Each study that has been accomplished explains different behaviors and the reasons for them. These behaviors can manifest two main types of children; the problem child or the isolated child. Types of Abuse There are four main types of abuse; physical, sexual, psychological, and neglect. Physical or biological abuse is when violent actions are imposed to a child by th... ...onmgr14&vid=7&hid=18 Relich, R., Giblin, P. T., Starr, R. H., Jr, & Agronow, S. J. (1980). Motor and social behavior in abused and control children: observations of parent-child interactions. The Journal of Psychology, 106, 193-204. Retrieved from http://ezproxy.mc.edu:2054/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=10&hid=18&sid=ecc52210-ab37-4879-91fb-601063008a50%40sessionmgr14 Sim, L., Friedrich, W. N., Davies, W. H., Trentham, B., Lengua, L., & Pithers, W. (2005, December ). The child behavior checklist as an indicator of posttraumatic stress disorder and dissociation in normative, psyhiatric, and sexually abused children. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 18, 697-705. Retrieved from www.ebscohost.com Vandenberg, B., & Marsh, U. (2009). Aggression in youths: child abuse, gender, and SES. North American Journal of Psychology, 11, 437-442. Retrieved from www.ebscohost.com